V d K appears to be no better than V d ET as an estimate of Bohr dead-space under the conditions in this study. This study found that the Koulouris method for calculating Bohr dead-space overestimates slightly when alveolar dead-space is small but substantially underestimates Bohr dead-space when alveolar dead-space is increased. V d K, V d Fowler and V d ET are approximately independent of alveolar dead-space, shunt and V̇/Q̇ ratio heterogeneity and lie between approximately 29 and 35% under all conditions studied ( Figs 2 – 4). Both V d Bohr and V d BE overestimate the model physiological dead-space when alveolar dead-space is small but slightly underestimate physiological dead-space when the model alveolar dead-space is large. V d Bohr and V d BE increase with increasing physiological dead-space. Dashed straight line in b is the line of identity.įigure 2 b shows calculated dead-space to tidal volume ratios as functions of true physiological dead-space to tidal volume ratio. V d Fowler is anatomical dead-space calculated by Fowler's graphic method. V d k is dead-space calculated by Koulouris' method (Appendix A). V d et: dead-space calculated by using Equation 4. V d Bohr is Bohr dead-space calculated by using Equation 1. V d BE is Bohr–Enghoff dead-space calculated by using Appendix Equation 2. \(P\mathrm\) is alveolar P co 2 calculated by Koulouris' method (Appendix A).
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